Question- Which Best Describes Biogeographic Isolation? 

A) It always leads to the formation of new species.

B) It only happens as a result of geographic factors.

C) It cannot lead to evolution.

D) It is a mechanism for evolution.

Answer: A) It always leads to the formation of new species.

Biogeographic isolation occurs when populations of a species are physically separated by geographic features such as mountains, rivers, oceans, or vast distances. This separation can prevent gene flow between the populations, allowing them to diverge genetically over time. If the isolation persists, the populations may evolve independently, potentially leading to the formation of new species—a process known as allopatric speciation.

However, option A (“It always leads to the formation of new species.”) is incorrect because speciation is not guaranteed. Evolutionary divergence depends on several factors, including the length of isolation, mutation rates, natural selection, and genetic drift. If the geographic barrier is removed before significant divergence occurs, the populations may resume interbreeding, preventing speciation.

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